Do new plastic surgical techniques complicate or simplify things?
"Change has considerable psychological impact on the human mind. To the fearful it is threatening because it means that things may get worse. To the hopeful it is encouraging because things may get better. To the confident it is inspiring because the challenge exists to make things better."
King Whitney Jr.
"It is possible to store the mind with a million facts and still be entirely uneducated."
Alec Bourne
Upon completion of my plastic surgery residency at Brown University, Providence, R.I., in June 2004, I believed that I was on the cutting edge of aesthetic and reconstructive plastic surgery. I was full of enthusiasm for the solo practice I was about to launch in Bloomington, Ill. I was well versed in "Selected Readings," well studied for the In-Service Examination and well trained in surgical independence and decision-making.
However, within a matter of months, I found myself reading about new techniques, applications and products that were reaching the market. Nothing frustrated me more than having patients ask me about a service and responding: "I don't know, but I'll do the research and get back to you."
Suddenly, the young, confident plastic surgeon in town with the new techniques and products didn't know about the newer techniques or products - I had not been exposed to them in residency!
Fast and furious change
I always told interviewers during my residency reviews that the dynamic nature of plastic surgery is one thing that attracts me to the field. But it wasn't until I began to practice plastic surgery that I realized the magnitude of that dynamism, and it was at this juncture that I realized extreme effort and enthusiasm would be necessary for me to be a life-long disciple and provider of the most advanced plastic surgery care. I began reading as many journals and websites as I could. Invariably, my practice began to grow and I fell behind in my reading.
In an attempt to compensate, I've visited many prominent plastic surgeons, ordered many DVDs and watched "live" surgical techniques I'd never witnessed. I attend national conferences, courses and seminars throughout the country.
After all this work, I assumed that everything would be simpler and that I would provide the best care to my patients.
Unfortunately, I was gravely mistaken; I am more confused than ever.
I've seen how a poorly defined neck can be corrected with non-surgical resurfacing techniques - or with minimal incisions and just a liposuction cannula; or with one submental incision and specialized suturing techniques; or with bilateral auricular incisions and spanning sutures; or with a large facelift incision and extensive undermining; or with varying planes of dissection and possibly even submandibular gland removal.
I've seen how a midface can be addressed: open through the lower lid, or through the mouth, or endoscopically through the temple. I've seen how implants can also be used simultaneously (yet again, more choices on the types of implants).
I was trained in endoscopic plastic surgery and thought I was well versed - until I realized there are many more planes in which one can dissect, many more anatomical structures that can/should be released, many more expensive instruments that can be used and many more ways to fixate tissues.
I became confused again with rhytidectomies, just as I had as an intern (this wasn't supposed to be happening at this juncture in my career). Do you make a large incision or small, and do you address the SMAS? If so, do you plicate the SMAS, purse-string it, resect it, undermine it and if so, in what vector, what suture, etc.? So many things to consider - or are these even things I should consider?
How about not even addressing the SMAS and/or skin resection and just inject fat? Or better yet, what about making several tiny incisions to insert cable sutures for suspension of tissues?
The fog also falls
This is just the tip of the iceberg because the field becomes even hazier in regard to the myriad non-surgical ways to rejuvenate the face and body.
I become tachycardic just thinking of all the available lasers, injectables, cellulite machines, creams/ointments and skin care lines. Again these are products that likely will be obsolete when I finally learn all of them and choose one to bring into my practice. (This will mark the beginning of another cycle.)
Finally, with the FDA approving the reintroduction of silicone breast implants, another brave new world has opened up, especially for those recent residency graduates.
I now find myself taking courses, visiting other surgeons, etc., as the learning process repeats itself. Do I place it subglandular or subpectoral? Do I use a shaped or round implant? How about smooth or textured? Can I place it endoscopically via the transaxillary route - but wait, this is off-label - so now what do I do? How about just forgoing implants and just inject fat?
And it continues...
What road do you choose?
One can easily see that a surgeon can keep everything simple - or as complicated and confusing as I have. This may be the case no matter where training has taken place and whether the practice is academic or private. We chose to deal with these issues when we chose to practice plastic surgery. Did other plastic surgeons have so many surgical and non-surgical options from which to choose so early in their careers?
Am I simply feeling overwhelmed at this stage in my career, trying to find my personal technique - or is this truly a period in the plastic surgery timeline where things are becoming more complicated while trying to make it more simple?
If there was a single take-home message from all the wonderful surgeons with whom I've trained and visited, this is it: There are many ways of achieving a successful result - and there are many ways of achieving a mediocre result, too. You can't appreciate post-op care, complications or long-term results as a resident - you can only appreciate them after having practiced plastic surgery for a while.
It's a matter of synthesizing all the techniques you've absorbed throughout the years and merging them with your own style. In time, you'll produce safe and predictable results and feel comfortable in your knowledge of plastic surgery - that is, until something new is introduced.
Chad Tattini, MD, practices cosmetic and reconstructive surgery in Bloomington, Ill. He can be reached at www.chadtattinimd.com














